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Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the output neurons of the retina, the axons of which form the optic nerve, connecting the eye to the brain. RGCs are highly metabolically and physiologically active cells, requiring a constant supply of ATP to ensure proper function. A finely regulated metabolism and perfectly balanced mitochondrial function are fundamental to maintain ATP at a physiological level....
Canovai Alessio et al.
Acta Neuropathologica Communications 2023; 11(1): 146
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Canovai Alessio et al.
Acta Neuropathologica Communications 2023; 11(1): 146
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Ophthalmia neonatorum (ON) is an acute conjunctivitis that occurs in newborns within the first month of life [1–3]. Originally this term only referred to cases caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, but currently it includes any conjunctivitis in this age group. Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis cause the most serious infections, with possible severe complications...
Mondì Vito et al.
Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2023; 49(1): 116
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Mondì Vito et al.
Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2023; 49(1): 116
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Pediatric non-infectious uveitis is a rare and sight-threatening condition characterized by inflammation of the uveal components of the eye (retina, choroid, and iris) [1]. Its pathophysiology is not fully understood, and its aetiology is probably multifactorial, with genetic, immune, and environmental factors [2]. Pediatric non-infectious uveitis may be idiopathic in up to 50% of cases, while it is...
Burlo Francesca et al.
Pediatric Rheumatology 2023; 21(1): 95
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Burlo Francesca et al.
Pediatric Rheumatology 2023; 21(1): 95
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Glaucoma is the world’s second-leading cause of blindness, and by 2040 will affect 111.8 million people globally between the ages of 40 and 80, with Asia accounting for 60% of cases [1]. In China, primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) affects 1.0% [2] of rural adults aged 30 years and above, and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) approximately 0.5% [3, 4].
Glaucoma represents a significant...
Song Di et al.
BMC Ophthalmology 2023; 23(1): 377
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Song Di et al.
BMC Ophthalmology 2023; 23(1): 377
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